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"The Columbus Museum of Art (CMA) is an art museum in downtown Columbus, Ohio. Formed in 1878 as the Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts (its name until 1978),Museum chronology it was the first art museum to register its charter with the state of Ohio. The museum collects and exhibits American and European modern and contemporary art, folk art, glass art, and photography. The museum has been led by Executive Director Nannette Maciejunes since 2003. History The Sessions house and William Monypeny houses, hosting the art museum (left) and Columbus Art School (right) The Pizzuti Collection Claude Monet, Weeping Willow, 1918 The CMA was founded in 1878 as the Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts. Beginning in 1919, it was housed in the Francis C. Sessions house, a founder of Columbus Art School (later known as Columbus College of Art and Design (CCAD). Sessions deeded the mansion and property to the art museum, which operated there until 1923. The house was demolished, with the current museum built on its site. CCAD's Beaton Hall includes elements from the entranceway of the Sessions house. The current building was built on the same site from 1929 to 1931, opening on January 22, 1931. In 1974, a visually unobtrusive structure was added to the rear of the building. The museum building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 19, 1992, under its original name. The Columbus Museum of Art began a massive reconstruction and expansion in 2007. The first new space opened on January 1, 2011, after 13 months of construction. The space, called the Center for Creativity, is an space that includes galleries, gathering areas, and places for workshops that allow visitors to engage in hands-on activities. On October 25, 2015, the new Margaret M. Walter wing opened to the public, adding 50,000 square feet of addition and 40,000 square feet of major renovation to the Museum. The Margaret M. Walter Wing was designed by Michael Bongiorno of the Columbus- based architecture firm DesignGroup.https://architizer.com/blog/practice/materials/michael-bongiorno- columbus-museum-of-art/ In September 2018, the Pizzuti Collection, a museum in the Short North, was donated to the CMA, along with part of its collection. The museum opened as a part of the Columbus Museum of Art that year. The museum and its Pizzuti Collection branch temporarily closed beginning in March 2020 due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. Ross Building layout and architecture The 1931 museum building, today known as the Elizabeth M. and Richard M. Ross Building, was designed in the Second Renaissance Revival style by Columbus architects Richards, McCarty and Bulford. It has a concrete foundation, walls of limestone and concrete, and a truncated copper hipped roof. The building is horizontal, two stories high, and has a central structure advanced several feet in front of its two wings. The wings feature large limestone friezes, together known as The Frederick W. Schumacher Frieze or Masters of Art. The work, by Robert Ingersoll Aitken, depicts 68 artists from 490 B.C. to 1925 A.D. The original main entryway consists of three arched portals to the interior. The facade here includes decorative moldings, keystones, bulls-eye medallions, and stone quoins. A frieze hung above the arches, with the name "Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts". A set of sixteen limestone steps leads to the sidewalk, flanked by two Italian-style lamp posts. The Center for Creativity, on the first floor of the museum, includes a Creativity Lounge, The Studio, The Wonder Room, the Big Idea Gallery, and an Open Gallery. Gallery File:Columbus Museum of Art 03.jpgCurrent museum entrance File:Columbus Museum of Art.jpgThe Ross Building, built in 1931 File:Columbus Museum of Art 07.jpgThe Walter Wing, built in 2015 Collections The permanent collection includes outstanding late nineteenth and early twentieth-century American and European modern works of art. Major collections include the Ferdinand Howald Collection of early Modernist paintings, the Sirak Collection of Impressionist and Expressionist works, the Photo League Collection, and the Philip and Suzanne Schiller Collection of American Social Commentary Art. The Museum houses the largest collections of works by Columbus born artists Aminah Brenda Lynn Robinson, Elijah Pierce, and George Bellows. Highlights include early Cubist paintings by Pablo Picasso and Juan Gris, works by François Boucher, Paul Cézanne, Mary Cassatt, Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, Edgar Degas, Henri Matisse, Claude Monet, Edward Hopper, and Norman Rockwell, and installations by Mel Chin, Josiah McElheny, Susan Philipsz, and Allan Sekula. Sculptures include: Hare on Ball and Claw, Intermediate Model for the Arch, Out of There, The Family of Man: Figure 2, Ancestor II, The Mountain, Three-Piece Reclining Figure: Draped 1975, Two Lines Up Excentric Variation VI, Wasahaban. Selections from the permanent collection File:Anthony van Dyck - Christian Bruce.jpgAnthony van Dyck, Christian Bruce, 1635 File:David and Bathsheba by Artemisia Gentileschi.jpgArtemisia Gentileschi, David and Bathsheba, c. 1610-1675 File:Vigée-Lebrun, Elisabeth - Varvara Naryshkina.jpgElisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, Varvara Naryshkina, 1800 File:Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres - Raphael and the Baker's Daughter (1840).jpgJean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Raphael and the Baker's Daughter, 1840 File:The Coal Carriers by Rosa Bonheur, Columbus Museum of Art.JPGRosa Bonheur, The Coal Carriers, 1851 File:Winslow Homer - Haymaking (1864).jpgWinslow Homer, Haymaking, 1864 File:Albert Bierstadt - Landscape (c. 1867-1869).jpgAlbert Bierstadt, Landscape, c. 1867-1869 File:Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot - The Little Bird Nesters (1873-1874).jpgCamille Corot, The Little Bird Nesters, 1873 File:Albert Pinkham Ryder - Spirit of Autumn (c. 1875).jpgAlbert Pinkham Ryder, Spirit of Autumn, 1875 File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Madame Henriot en travesti.jpgPierre-Auguste Renoir, Madame Henriot 'en travesti' (The Page), 1875–76 File:Portrait de Victor Chocquet assis, par Paul Cézanne.jpgPaul Cézanne, portrait of Victor Chocquet, 1877 File:Carmela Bertagna John Singer Sargent.jpgJohn Singer Sargent Carmela Bertagna Oil on canvas, 1879 File:Mary Cassatt - Susan Comforting the Baby No. 1 (c. 1881) 01.JPGMary Cassatt, Susan Comforting the Baby No. 1, c. 1881 File:William Michael Harnett - After the Hunt (1883) 02.jpgWilliam Michael Harnett, After the Hunt, 1883 File:The Mediterranean (Cap d'Antibes) by Claude Monet, Columbus Museum of Art .JPGClaude Monet, The Mediterranean (Cap d'Antibes), 1888 File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Christine Lerolle Embroidering (c. 1895).jpgPierre-Auguste Renoir, Christine Lerolle Embroidering, c. 1895 File:Henri Rousseau - The tiger hunt.jpgHenri Rousseau, Tiger Hunt, c. 1895 File:Cassatt - Portrait of a Young Woman.jpgMary Cassatt Portrait of a Young Woman, Pastel on paper, 1898 File:Girl Asleep by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Columbus Museum of Art .JPGErnst Ludwig Kirchner, Girl Asleep, 1905–06 File:'Cosmos' by Marsden Hartley, Columbus Museum of Art.jpgMarsden Hartley, Cosmos, Oil on Canvas, 1908–09 File:Men and Mountains by Rockwell Kent, Columbus Museum of Art.JPGRockwell Kent, Men and Mountains, 1909 File:Middleton Manigault - The Rocket (1909).jpgEdward Middleton Manigault - The Rocket, 1909 File:Ernst Ludwig Kirchner - Tower Room, Fehmarn (1913) 02.jpgErnst Ludwig Kirchner, Tower Room, Fehmarn, 1913 File:Juan Gris - Glass of Beer and Playing Cards.jpgJuan Gris, Glass of Beer and Playing Cards, 1914 File:Pre-War Pageant by Marsden Hartley, 1914.JPGMarsden Hartley, Pre-War Pageant, 1914 File:Jacques Villon, 1914, Portrait de M. J. B. peintre (Jacques Bon), oil on canvas, 121.92 x 81.28 cm, Columbus Museum of Art.jpgJacques Villon, Portrait de M. J. B. peintre (Jacques Bon), 1914 File:Pablo Picasso, 1914-15, Nature morte au compotier (Still Life with Compote and Glass), oil on canvas, 63.5 x 78.7 cm (25 x 31 in), Columbus Museum of Art, Ohio.jpgPablo Picasso, Nature morte au compotier (Still Life with Compote and Glass), oil on canvas, 1914–15 File:George Wesley Bellows - Riverfront No. 1 (1915).jpgGeorge Wesley Bellows, Riverfront No. 1, 1915 File:Twilight Moon by Charles Burchfield, 1916, Columbus Museum of Art.JPGCharles Burchfield, Twilight Moon, 1916 File:Lhasa,1916.jpgCharles Sheeler, Lhasa, 1916 File:Delaunay Portuguese Woman.jpgRobert Delaunay, Portuguese Woman, Oil on canvas, 1916 File:William Glackens - Beach Scene, New London (1918).jpgWilliam Glackens, Beach Scene, New London," 1918 File:The Tower by Charles Demuth, Columbus Museum of Art.jpgCharles Demuth, The Tower, 1920 References External links * 1878 establishments in Ohio Art museums established in 1878 Art museums in Ohio Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Ohio Buildings in downtown Columbus, Ohio Institutions accredited by the American Alliance of Museums Museums in Columbus, Ohio Museums on the National Register of Historic Places National Register of Historic Places in Columbus, Ohio "
"King Edward Peak is a mountain located north of Starvation Creek and the U.S. border in British Columbia, Canada. The mountain was named in 1915 after King Edward VII. King Edward Peak should not be confused with Mt. King Edward (), located on the Continental Divide farther north, although it too was named after King Edward. References Mountains of British Columbia "
"A lavender marriage is a male–female mixed marriage, undertaken as a marriage of convenience to conceal the socially stigmatised sexual orientation of one or both partners. The term dates from the early 20th century and is used almost exclusively to characterize certain marriages of public celebrities in the first half of the 20th century, primarily before World War II, when public attitudes made it impossible for a person acknowledging homosexuality to pursue a public career, notably in the Hollywood film industry.Claude J. Summers, The Queer Encyclopedia of Film & Television (Cleis Press, 2005), p. 132 One of the earliest uses of the phrase appeared in the British press in 1895, at a time when the colour was associated with homosexuality. Usage With the inclusion of morality clauses in the contracts of Hollywood actors in the 1920s, some closeted stars contracted marriages of convenience to protect their public reputations and preserve their careers. A noteworthy exception that demonstrated the precarious position of the public homosexual was that of William Haines, who brought his career to a sudden end at the age of 35. He refused to end his relationship with his male partner, Jimmy Shields, and enter into a marriage at the direction of his studio employer, Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer. The term lavender marriage has been used to characterize these couples/individuals: * The 1923 marriage of Rudolph Valentino with lesbian costume and set designer Natacha Rambova disguised her relationship with actress Alla Nazimova as well as his alleged bisexuality. * The English broadcaster and journalist Nancy Spain considered entering a lavender marriage to disguise her relationship with Joan Werner Laurie, a magazine and book editor. * The marriage of Robert Taylor and Barbara Stanwyck supposedly disguised the purported bisexuality of both and has been characterized as lavender for that reason, but it was prompted by the need to protect both their reputations after a Photoplay magazine article reported they had been living together for years while unmarried. * Actor Rock Hudson, troubled by rumors that Confidential magazine was planning to expose his homosexuality, married Phyllis Gates, a young woman employed by his agent, in 1955. Gates insisted until the time of her own death that she had had no idea the marriage was anything other than legitimate. * The term has been applied to the marriage of Tyrone Power and French actress Annabella in 1939. * American theater actress and producer Katharine Cornell married stage director Guthrie McClintic in 1921. She appeared only in productions he directed, and they lived together in their Manhattan townhouse until his death in 1961. * Swedish Hollywood actor Nils Asther and vaudeville entertainer Vivian Duncan had a brief marriage of convenience that resulted in one child; Asther was a well known homosexual who had a relationship with actor/stuntman Kenneth DuMain.Nils Asther memoirs "Narrens väg - Ingen gudasaga", 1988, Sweden. See also * Beard (companion) * Boston marriage * He never married * Hollywood marriage * Mariage blanc * Sham marriage References Words coined in the 1890s LGBT and society LGBT terminology Sham marriage LGBT marriage "